View source for Introduction, Chapter One and Two of Legal Issues in Residential Care References

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==References==

#McGregor, M.J.,  Tate, R.B.,  Ronald, L.A. et al.  (December 2010).Trends in long-term care staffing by facility ownership in British Columbia, 1996 to 2006. Health Reports, 21 (4). Statistics Canada. Catalogue no. 82-003-X.
#Community Care and Assisted Living Act  [SBC 2002] c. 75. [“CCALA”]. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_02075_01. (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Residential Care Regulations, B.C. Reg. 96/2009 (as amended). [“RCR”] Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/96_2009  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#British Columbia. Office of the Ombudsperson. The best of care. Getting it right for seniors in British Columbia (Part 2). Public report no. 47 to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, [page. 206]. [ This publication will subsequently be referred to as the  “Ombuds, Best of Care”.]
#These are sometimes referred to as “hospitality  services””
#CCALA, s. 2.
#Community Care and Assisted Living Regulation. B.C. Reg. 217/2004 [O.C. 476/2004]. s. 2 [Subsequent reference will be “CCALA Regulation”]. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/217_2004. (Last accessed May 1, 2014). 
#CCALA Regulation.  Also, CCALA, s. 1 See definition of “Community care facility”. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_02075_01. (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#There is an exception in  the law when the spouse is living  with the person.
#Ministry of Health Home and Community Care Policy Manual, Chapter: 6 Residential Care Services (Section 6.D : Access to Services (October, 15, 2012) [Subsequent reference will be “H&CC Policy Manual”]
#More recent information from the Ministry of Health identifies that there are 361 residential care facilities in the Province. See:  http://www.bccare.ca/bccpa-hosts-fire-safety-meeting/ 
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 204.
#Hospital Act [RSBC 1996] c. 200. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96200_01 (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 203.
#Vancouver Coastal Health. (n.d.) Information on Residential Care. p. 3. This guide is available online at : www.vch.ca (Last accessed May 1, 2014) [ “Vancouver Coastal Health, Information”]
#Vancouver Coastal Health, Information.
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 205.
#BC Ministry of Health. Home and Community Care. Long Term Residential Care. Online: http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topic.page?id=4FEC0F570BC04692810548267D09577E&title=Long-Term%20Residential%20Care (Last accessed May 1, 2014)
#BC Ministry of Health, ibid.
#H&CC Policy Manual. Chapter: 6 Residential Care Services  (Section: F Benefits And Allowable Charges), BC Ministry of Health. Home and Community Care. “Who pays for care? Temporary reduction of your client rate.” Online: http://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/topic.pageid=4A29582816F3497C85765E1943A25C6A&title=Temporary%20Reduction%20of%20Your%20Client%20Rate (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#BC Office of the Ombudsperson. Update on Status of Recommendations. The Best of Care: Getting It Right for Seniors in British Columbia (Part 2) Public Report No. 47. Recommendation 47.
#However even where there are restrictions, some health authority operated care facilities may exceed the double occupancy  restrictions. 
#The standards are on hygiene, recreation opportunities, emergency preparedness, nutrition and the administration of medication, for example.
#RCR,  Division 2 to 5. 
#CCALA, s. 7 (1)(c.1)(ii).
#As identified in s.4 (3) (a) of the Hospital Act [RSBC 1996] c. 200..
#E.g. for bedrooms, bathrooms, temperature and lighting
#CCALA, Part 2.
#Under Hospital Act, Part 2, s.6.
#To their local licensing office and their funding body, as well as to the affected resident’s family and the resident’s family doctor.
#The Ombuds, Best of Care, pg.208  notes that the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority is the only exception. It has been inspecting private hospital facilities under the Hospital Act regularly since September 2007. 
#As of April 2013, all health authorities now provide online access to summary inspection reports for Hospital Act facilities. These reports can be accessed through the ministry’s Home and Community Care website (www.gov.bc.ca/hcc ) under the Accountability section.
#CCALA, s.22.
#CCALA facilities are required only to ensure that either a medical or nurse practitioner can be contacted in an emergency.  However the  funding agreement with the health authority may require a registered nurse to be on site.
#People who live in either CCALA facilities or in private hospitals typically have their prescription costs covered by PharmaCare’s Plan B, but they must pay for their own non-prescription drugs.
#Vancouver Island Health Authority. VIHA. “ Residential care Services” Online: http://www.viha.ca/hcc/residential/ (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#For a description of how this occurs, see: (2008) Personal Assistance Guidelines. Ministry of Health Services. Online: http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/library/publications/year/2008/Personal_Assistance_Guidelines.pdf 
#Howe Group Public Sector Consultants. (January 2011). Planning, attracting, engaging, and sharing knowledge: - a human resource strategy for the community health workers, residential care aides and licensed practical nurses in BC’s private and not-for-profit seniors care sector. Pg. 7 Online: http://www.bccares.ca/pdf/HR%20Report%20Final%20Version%20-%20Jan%2011.pdf [“ Seniors Care HR Sector Committee”} (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, ibid. pg. 14. 
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, ibid. pg. 7. 
#BC Care Aide & Community Health Care Worker Registry. Existing Health Care Assistant (HCA) Programs – British Columbia  Important Dates - Registry Program Recognition. Online : http://www.cachwr.bc.ca/getattachment/Educators/Existing-HCA-Programs-Important-Dates.pdf.aspx (Last accessed May1, 2014)
#Ibid.
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, ibid. pg. 8.
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, ibid. pg. 8-9.
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, ibid. pg. 16. 
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 294.
#BC Care Aide & Health Worker Registry. Online: http://www.cachwr.bc.ca/Home.aspx (Last accessed May 1, 2014) [“Registry”]
#Seniors Care HR Sector Committee, pg. 8. 
#Registry.  “Removal from the Registry”. Online: http://www.cachwr.bc.ca/About-the-Registry/Ensuring-Public-Safety/Removal-from-the-Registry.aspx (Last accessed May1, 2014)
#Health Professions Act [RSBC 1996] c. 133.
#College of Registered  Nurses of British Columbia.  Online: https://www.crnbc.ca/Pages/Default.aspx  (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Criminal Records Review Act [RSBC 1996] c. 86. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96086_01 (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Ombuds, Best of Care, R94, pg. 211.
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 210.
#CCALA.
#RCR. 
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 203.
#RCR. Part 4, Division 1 (General Staffing Requirements) and Division 2 (Coverage and Necessary Staff), s. 37-46. 
#RCR, Part 5, Division 1, s. 46-50.
#RCR, Division 2, s. 51-61.
#RCR, s. 82.
#RCR, s. 62-65.
#RCR s. 68-72.
#RCR s. 73-75.
#RCR, Division 6, s. 76-77, and Schedule D of RCR.
#RCR, s. 85(1).
#RCR, s.81 (3)(e).
#RCR, s. 18.
#RCR, Part 3, Division 1.
#RCR,  s. 17.
#RCR, s.69(1).
#For example:  RCR s. 7, 21, 25, 26, 29, 30, 42, 47, 53, 57, 73, 78, 93.
#RCR, s. 21.
#RCR, s. 42(1).
#RCR, s. 59.
#RCR, s. 37(1).
#RCR, s. 37(1).
#RCR, s. 37, s.38.
#RCR, s.40 (1).
#RCR, s. 77(1).
#RCR, Schedule D.
#Order in Council 409, September 26, 2013. See also: Residential Care Regulation and Child Care Licensing Regulation Amendment to Reportable Incidents.
#RCR, Schedule D.
#RCR, s. 56 (3).
#Hospital Act [RSBC 1996] c. 200. 
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 296.
#This is an official in the Ministry of Health Services.
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 211.
#Ombuds, Best of Care, pg. 210.
#Hospital Act [RSBC 1996] c. 200.
#B.C. Reg. 25/61[O.C. 315/61] Hospital Insurance Act. Hospital Insurance Act Regulations
#Hospital Insurance Act Regulations,  BC Reg. 25. 61. (as amended). Online : http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/25_61 
#Mental Health Act [RSBC 1996] c. 288. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96288_01 (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Adult Guardianship Act [RSBC 1996] c. 6  {“AGA”}
#AGA, s. 44  states “The purpose of this Part is to provide for support and assistance for adults who are abused or neglected and who are unable to seek support and assistance because of
##(a) physical restraint,
##(b) a physical handicap that limits their ability to seek help, or
##(c) an illness, disease, injury or other condition that affects their ability to make decisions about the abuse or neglect.”
#Health Care (Consent) and Care Facility (Admission) Act [RSBC 1996] c. 181. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/00_96181_01#section20t26 . Or Online - http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96181_01 (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Mental Health Act.
#Ombuds, Best of Care,  pg. 265-268
#Power of Attorney Act [RSBC 1996] c.370. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/00_08028_01 (Last accessed October 29, 2013)
#Public Guardian and Trustee Act [RSBC 1996] c. 383. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96383_01 (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#PGT Act.
#Representation Agreement Act [RSBC 1996] c.405. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96405_0  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Patient Property Act  [RSBC 1996] c. 349. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96349_01 
#Office of the  BC Ombudsperson. (February 2013). No longer your decision: British Columbia’s process for appointing the public guardian and trustee to manage the financial affairs of incapable adults., Public #Report No. 49, at pg. 49. Online: http://www.ombudsman.bc.ca/resources-and-publications/investigative-reports/public-reports  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Personal Information Protection Act [SBC 2003] c. 63. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_03063_01 (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act [RSBC 1996] c. 165. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/96165_00 (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Veterans Benefit Act (R.S.C. 1970, c. V-2) Online: http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/V-1.3/index.html (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (S.C. 2001, c. 27). Online: http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/i-2.5/index.html   (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#For a general discussion of  sponsorship issues, see : Koehn, S. Spencer, C, & Hwang, E. (2010) Promises, promises: cultural and legal dimensions of sponsorship for immigrant seniors. Diversity in Aging among Immigrant Seniors in Canada, Temeron Books, Calgary.  Note  that the  length of sponsorship has now increased  from 10 years to 20 years. 
#Ministry of Health. “Community Care Licensing.” Online: http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/ccf/ (Last accessed October 29, 2013).  [“Community Care Licensing”]
#Public Health Act [SBC 2008] c. 28. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_03063_01 
#Community Care Licensing.
#Ministry of Health. Inspection and Complaint Reports. Online: http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/ccf/facility-inspection-reports.html (Last accessed May 1, 2014). Also: Interior Health. Risk Assessment Tool for Community Care Facilities Licensing. Letter to all Licensed Care Providers, June 25, 2012.
#Patient Care Quality Review Board Act (S.B.C. 2008, c.35). Online : http://qp.gov.bc.ca/38th4th/3rd_read/gov41-3.htm  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Ministry of Health. Community Care Licensing. Online: http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/ccf/  (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Human Rights Code [RSBC 1996] c. 210. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96210_01 (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#HRC, s. 8(1)
#HRC, s. 8(1)
#Ministry of the Attorney General (January 2008). Human Rights in British Columbia.  “Harassment”
#Human Rights Code, s. 8(1)
#Ombudsperson Act [RSBC 1996] c. 340. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96340_01 (Last accessed October 29, 2013)
#Constitution Act, 1982 (PART I) Enacted as Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982, 1982, c. 11 (U.K.). Online: http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/const/const1982.html  (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Criminal Code of Canada, R.S.C., 1985, c. C-46. Online : http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-46/  (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#C.C.C. s. 215 “Failure to provide necessaries of life”. L. Romano points out most s. 215 cases deal with neglect in the community.  See L. Romano (Fall 2009). “Elder abuse: failing to provide the necessaries of life to older adults is a crime. Advocacy Centre for the Elderly Newsletter. Online: http://www.advocacycentreelderly.org/appimages/file/Failing%20to%20Provide%20the%20Necessaries%20of%20Life%20is%20a%20Crime.pdf  (Last accessed May 1, 2014)
#In this case, a prisoner was killed  in  a correctional facility in Ontario after  staff decided to put him in a cell with a violent offender. J, O'Brien &, R. Richmond, Wednesday, March 5, 2014 “Corrections officers at Elgin-Middlesex Detention Centre charged for failing to provide necessaries of life”, The London Free Press.
#Family Law Act, [SBC 2011], c.  25.
#Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act. SBC [2004] c. 2. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/04002_00 (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Coroners Act. SBC 2007, c. 15. Online : http://www.bclaws.ca/EPLibraries/bclaws_new/document/ID/freeside/00_07015_01  [“Coroner’s Act”]  (Last accessed May1, 2014).
#Coroner’s Act, s. 2 (a)
#Coroner’s Act, s. 2 ( b)
#Coroner’s Act, s. 2(c)
#Coroner’s Act, s. 2(d).
#Canada Health Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-6). Online: http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c-6/ (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Continuing Care Act [RSBC 1996] c.70. Online: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96070_01  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Health Professions Act, RSBC 1996, c 183, s. 32.4 (1). Online :  http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/00_96183_01   (Last accessed May 1, 2014)
#Cremation, Interment and Funeral Services Act  [SBC 2004], c. 35. Online : http://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/04035_01   (Last accessed May 1, 2014
#Labour Relations Code [RSBC 1996]  c. 244
#BC Care Providers Association. (Spring 2009). Residential healthcare and safety guidelines, pg. 4. Online: http://www.bccare.ca/wp-content/uploads/bccare_safety_grid_v11.pdf  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Health Statutes (Residents’ Bill of Rights) Amendment Act. S.B.C. 2009, s.8. Bill 17 (2009). In force by Order in Council 708  December 8, 2009). Online: http://www.leg.bc.ca/39th1st/1st_read/gov17-1.htm   (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#Ministry of Health. Residents Bill of Rights. Online: http://www.health.gov.bc.ca/ccf/residents_bill_of_rights.html  (Last accessed May 1, 2014).
#British Columbia Law Institute. (September 2013). Report on Assisted Living in British Columbia. Report No. 72, at pg. 66.
#See RCR, s. 64 (1)  Food Service Schedule.
#Ombuds, Best of Care.
#Ombuds, Best of Care.
#Ombuds Best of Care.
#Residents’ Bill of  Rights, s. 2(1).
#Residents’ Bill of Rights, s.2 (2).
#Residents’  Bill of Rights,  s. 3.
#Residents’ Bill of  Rights, s. 4.




{{REVIEWED | reviewer = BC Centre for Elder Advocacy and Support, June 2014}}
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